The Qianlong Emperor (1735 – 1796) of the Qing Dynasty is a compelling figure in Chinese history, offering numerous lessons on cultural policy. Under his rule, China experienced a period of prosperity and cultural flourishing but also faced the challenges of over-centralization and rigidity. Here are key lessons from Qianlong’s reign:

1. Patronage of Arts and Culture

• Historical Insight: Qianlong was a great patron of the arts, commissioning countless literary works, paintings, and cultural projects, such as the creation of the Siku Quanshu (Complete Library of the Four Treasuries), the largest collection of Chinese literature in history.

• Lesson:

• Governments should actively support cultural and intellectual endeavors to preserve and enhance cultural identity.

• However, prioritize accessibility and public engagement to avoid elitism in cultural investments.

2. Syncretism and Cultural Unity

• Historical Insight: Qianlong embraced a multi-ethnic empire, incorporating Tibetan, Mongolian, Uighur, and Han cultures into his governance while emphasizing unity through Confucian ideals.

• Lesson:

• Cultural policies should promote inclusivity and integration, recognizing the contributions of diverse ethnic and…