The Role of Myeloid Cell Leptin Signaling in Glucose Metabolism and Its Implications for Athlete Longevity

Introduction

Leptin, a hormone primarily secreted by adipocytes, is well-known for its role in regulating energy balance and appetite. However, emerging research highlights its broader impact on metabolism, inflammation, and immune function – particularly through signaling in myeloid cells. Myeloid cells, including macrophages, dendritic cells, and monocytes, play a crucial role in metabolic homeostasis. Recent findings suggest that leptin signaling in these cells significantly influences glucose metabolism, with implications for athletic performance and longevity.

This article explores how myeloid cell leptin signaling regulates glucose homeostasis, the potential benefits and risks for athletes, and how this mechanism could be optimized for long-term health and performance.

Leptin and Myeloid Cells: A Key Metabolic Interface

1. Leptin’s Role in Glucose Homeostasis

Leptin acts as a metabolic signal, linking energy availability with physiological processes. In skeletal muscle and the liver, leptin enhances glucose uptake and utilization by promoting insulin sensitivity. However, its role in myeloid cells is more complex.

Myeloid cells express leptin receptors (Ob-R), and leptin signaling in these immune cells affects systemic metabolism by modulating inflammatory responses. Macrophages, for example, shift…