The Roman Empire and the Eastern Roman Empire (or Byzantine Empire) represent a continuity and transformation in the history of Rome, with the Eastern Roman Empire becoming a distinct cultural and political entity after the fall of the Western Empire.
- Roman Empire
• Foundation and Expansion: The Roman Empire began with the rise of Augustus in 27 BCE and expanded over centuries, covering vast areas of Europe, North Africa, and the Middle East.
• Administrative Complexity: It was known for its complex administrative system, vast road networks, and legal structures that allowed it to manage an incredibly diverse population.
• Cultural Legacy: Latin was the main language, with Roman law, architecture, and cultural elements influencing many modern societies.
2. Split of the Empire
• Division: Due to the challenges of governing such a vast territory, Emperor Diocletian divided the Empire into Eastern and Western halves in 285 CE.
• Constantinople: Constantine the Great later moved the capital of the Eastern Roman Empire to Byzantium (renaming it Constantinople), solidifying the eastern half’s political importance.
3. Western Roman Empire
• Decline and Fall: The Western Roman Empire faced multiple internal problems, including economic struggles and pressures from invasions…
